谢南多厄河 - 南福克

钓鱼

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  南福克谢南多厄生物学家报告2025

  2024年1月8日

小嘴鲈鱼

• 小嘴鲈鱼河钓鱼预报

Serious smallmouth anglers know the Shenandoah River is one of the top smallmouth bass rivers in the eastern United States. Historically densities of smallmouth in the south fork have been among the highest in the state. Smallmouth bass catch rates can average up to three fish per hour. Fisheries biologists consider catch rates greater than one fish per hour to be very good. Remember, fishing success can vary depending upon environmental conditions. Due to the high densities of bass, growth weights are slightly slower than the Main Stem downstream. The south fork is considered a numbers fishery rather than a trophy water, however fish upwards of 20” can be found. The natural mortality rate of smallmouth bass in the Shenandoah is high and harvest by anglers is low, based on research conducted by biologists. Therefore, the smallmouth bass population is mostly controlled by environmental influences (floods/droughts). Years where there is a very successful spawn produces a strong “year-class” of bass. These strong year-classes are what makes fishing favorable. When one or two strong year-classes of bass are reaching sizes that anglers target, fishing can be excellent. However, when weak year-classes are produced by environmental factors, fishing success can be poor. Currently, there are several below average year-classes of bass recruiting into the fishery. This has caused a decline in the overall population. However, a higher percentage of quality bass exists as a result. Anglers will find smallmouth throughout all habitats on the river. One of the most productive areas to find smallmouth on the Shenandoah are directly below riffle areas or bedrock ledges. These areas provide cover and transport food items directly to waiting smallmouth. Overall, anglers should target structure closely associated with faster currents when hunting smallmouth. Various types of artificial lures and live baits can be effective for catching smallmouth on the Shenandoah. Anglers should not limit their fishing for smallmouth to just the warmer months. Smallmouth are active throughout the year and some of the larger fish are caught during the colder months.

大口鲈鱼

大嘴鲈鱼不像它们的表亲小嘴鲈鱼那样受到关注，但是南福克Shenandoah有大量的大嘴鲈鱼。大嘴鱼在整个河流的天然水池和筑坝水池中都很常见。垂钓者可以捕获大量优质大口鲈鱼。近年来，生物学家曾对重达 7 磅的大嘴鱼进行过采样。遇到大嘴鱼的最佳地点之一是河岸边堆积的木质碎屑附近。这些区域提供了掩护，并吸引了大口鱼喜欢捕食的小太阳鱼。

太阳鱼

南福克 Shenandoah 河是几种太阳鱼的家园。它们包括：红背太阳鱼、岩鲈、绿太阳鱼、蓝鳃鱼和南瓜籽太阳鱼。所有的太阳鱼种类往往占据相同的栖息地。它们喜欢聚集在水流减弱、结构优质的区域。在水流较急的区域也可能会发现红胸太阳鱼。太阳鱼的密度非常高，体型较大的 "手掌大小 "的鲶鱼数量也非常多。七到八英寸的太阳鱼在雪兰多厄河中很常见。

克拉皮

黑人和白人混蛋都居住在南福克Shenandoah河中。黑螃蟹是这两种鱼类中最主要的一种。螃蟹的密度往往很低，只有在大而深的水池中才能遇到数量相当多的螃蟹。鲷鱼喜欢有结构的鱼，通常会在河道主航道附近出现。由于螃蟹有 "成群结队 "的行为，因此在钓到一条螃蟹的地方，附近肯定还会有其他螃蟹。垂钓者在垂钓螃蟹时，应尝试使用小钓钩和活鲦鱼。

Muskellunge

从共和国港码头到里弗顿登陆，DWR 每年都会在南福克 Shenandoah 河的多个地点种植手指大小的麝香。麝香鱼能够产卵，但产卵情况千变万化，因此必须投放鱼种才能维持渔业。成年麝香鱼的密度非常高，但水池栖息地是限制因素。找一个深水潭，你会发现很多麝香鱼。麝香鱼是 "伏击型 "捕食者，它们通常就趴在主航道附近，等待漂浮或游来的食物。还要记住，这些鱼属于 "冷水 "鱼种，即使在一年中最冷的月份也很活跃。

有关垂钓麝香鱼的更多信息，请参阅麝香鱼简介。

通道鲶鱼

南叉河里的鲶鱼非常多。DWR生物学家最近的抽样表明，健康的鲶鱼种群以质量大小（2-4 磅）的鱼类为主。此外，还采集到一些10+ 磅的个体。河中的大水池是寻找河道猫的最佳地点，随着河道向下游移动，河道猫的数量密度会急剧增加。那些寻找更大号猫的人应该试试 South Fork，因为与 Main Stem Shenandoah 相比，它们在这里长得更大。当水温达到低至中60's（华氏度）时，垂钓者应抓住鲶鱼产卵季节。海峡猫会离开较深的水潭，通常会逆流而上，并聚集在较浅水潭的潭头。与其他鱼类在产卵期间不进食不同，鲶鱼在产卵期间会大量进食。尽管大多数人认为只有在天黑后才能钓到鲶鱼，但垂钓者在白天也能获得成功。商品鲶鱼饵、自制 "臭饵"、切饵和一些活饵都可以用来钓鲶鱼。

扁头鲶鱼

不幸的是，平头鲶被意外或非法引入了南叉河。生物学家在新港大坝下捕获了第一条鱼。此后，根据生物学家的记录，该种群目前正在繁殖。该种群仍处于起步阶段，在整个河流中的分布并不均匀。要确定这些猫科动物能长多大，种群数量会扩大多少，以及它们会对系统内其他鱼类种群造成何种影响，还需要若干年的时间。在没有许可证的情况下，捕捞鱼类并将其放养到公共水域是非法的。不要移动这些鱼！扁头鱼喜欢活饵。垂钓者应瞄准大石头和碎石堆来捕捉它们。

其他鱼类

垂钓者还可能遇到美洲鳗鱼、白吮吸鱼、北部吸盘鱼、鲤鱼、黄牛头鱼和红马等南叉河常见的鱼类。

Shenandoah、Cowpasture 和 James River Fish Kills 更新

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