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用鹿弹攻击白尾鹿!

作者:Jim Draper

Where I grew up in Upstate New York, most of the areas were “Shotgun Only Zones”, which means that hunting with rifles was not allowed. A large percentage of the land was agricultural and dairy farms, which meant patches of woods surrounded by pastures and fields. When I first started deer hunting, I was using a borrowed Stevens pump shotgun, with iron sights and loaded with the classic Remington rifled deer slug. Looking back now, after many years of hunting, I realize that was a bare minimum set-up for deer hunting, but as a kid just starting out I felt like I was the king of the woods when I used it. Although it was nothing fancy, it did allow me to harvest some deer, thus the beginning of my addiction to deer hunting. At 15, I started to work on a local farm and saved my money, so I could purchase my first very own gun. Now I can assure you that I didn’t have a lot of money to spend. I liked to hunt just about anything, so I wanted a good all-around set-up. I went with the popular Remington 870 combo, which came with the slug barrel and bird barrel. For the most part, I hunted with slugs because that’s what I was first introduced to. However, I always wanted to try new stuff, so one day while hunting with some friends I decided to try buckshot. We were putting on some deer drives in fields of goldenrod. Anybody that knows anything about deer drives knows that it’s rare for deer to come busting into a clearing and stop for the perfect shot. I learned the hard way that it was not just as easy as loading your gun with buckshot and shooting deer. After a couple of misses, I realized that patterning my gun was top priority. Back then you couldn’t just get on the internet for advice on your set-up; it was all trial and error. Lucky for me, I was able to shoot and pattern my gun in the backyard and not have to run back and forth to the range. One of the first things I found out was my slug barrel was not going to work (I believe someone told me this, but you know you can’t tell kids anything!) I swapped out to a long barrel and had much better results. The second lesson I learned was that the effective range of buckshot was less than 50 yards. In all reality, it was more in the 30-40-yard range. Shot shells, barrels and chokes have progressed since I was a youngster, and these days longer, more accurate shots are easily achieved. I played around with different chokes, and I believe I settled on a full choke to get the best range and tightest patterns. My next trip using buckshot was a success. I was very surprised by the results.

00 Buck 弹壳内部的艺术表现形式;值得注意的是,在这颗子弹中,弹丸被堆叠起来,以允许每枚弹壳容纳最大数量的弹丸

这张图片很好地展示了普通00 Buck 外壳的内部结构。注意弹丸是如何堆叠的,以允许每个弹壳容纳最大数量的弹丸。照片由 Hornady 提供。

尽管霰弹已经存在了几个世纪,但它似乎已经不再受到猎鹿人的青睐。我不确定是不是因为射程较远,使用猎鹿枪的人越来越多,还是因为曾经茂密的灌木丛现在被砍伐清理成田地和菜地,从而可以实现更远的射击距离。一些州由于某种原因不再允许使用散弹。与大多数弹药一样,散弹也有特定的用途,应根据具体情况使用。有时,散弹会因其预期用途而引起很多争议。由于它是设计用来穿过灌木丛射击移动的鹿的,因此它确实会引起一些人对安全问题的担忧,以及它是否是一种干净、合乎道德的杀死动物的方式。就像其他类型的武器或弹药一样,散弹的安全性取决于使用它的人的安全性。就快速干净杀戮的论点而言,如果您不想突破设备或能力的极限,那么霰弹是一种有效的猎杀鹿的弹药。对于想要在野外尝试使用散弹的人,我最好的建议是用枪和弹药进行练习,并熟悉其效力。

如果您不熟悉散弹,字典将其定义为“用于狩猎游戏的霰弹枪弹壳中的大尺寸铅弹”。但实际情况比这复杂得多。最常见的霰弹弹壳是12规格、 00霰弹弹壳,可容纳8弹丸。鹿弹通常用于两种目的:自卫和猎杀中型到大型猎物。例如,大量12号00号子弹通常有8到18弹丸,长度从2 3 / 4 ″ 到3 1 / 2 ″。在包装上,供应商标明了弹药筒在射击后膨胀的长度。发射前,卷曲的弹药筒开始时比实际长度短约半英寸。此外,精确的长度因制造商和型号而异。

当我们大多数人开始狩猎时,霰弹的选择是有限的,而且由于缺乏更好的术语,可以说是“原始的”。由于使用散弹猎捕食者的趋势日益增长,许多制造商已经加强了他们的技术并开始生产更高质量、更精确的子弹。像 Federal 这样的制造商正在使用优质火药和弹壳以及镀铜弹丸和专门设计的填塞物来帮助提高精度和更紧密的图案。Hornady 还拥有许多专门设计的不同霰弹装填装置,可以满足您的特定需求。许多新型散弹装药似乎都有一个共同点,那就是采用了专门设计的填塞物。装填散弹不同于装填普通霰弹,因为必须将弹丸堆叠在弹壳中,以确保它们全部合适且一致。散弹有几种不同的尺寸,根据弹丸尺寸,可以确定每发子弹的弹丸数量。这是基于2 3 / 4 ″ 12规格圆形的标准图表。一些不同的制造商在每发子弹的弹丸数量上可能略有不同,但这张图表可以让您大致了解平均一发霰弹的数量。

许多主要的缩口管制造商现在都在制造专为散弹装填而设计的缩口管,这将大大增加射击密度和有效射程。散弹缩口管与您使用的任何其他缩口管一样,确定适合您的缩口管的最佳方法是将不同的缩口管与您的枪和不同装填的散弹一起尝试。当我设置我的 Berretta 391来用散弹枪猎杀郊狼时,对我来说最神奇的组合就是 Kicks Industries Buck Kicker。在尝试了几家不同制造商的子弹后,我使用 Federal Premium 12口径2 ¾” Magnum 00 Buck 取得了最佳效果。

虽然我已经射杀了几只鹿和几只郊狼,但我希望花更多的时间用鹿弹猎鹿,并努力保持古老的狩猎传统之一。作为一个工作犬爱好者,有一件事我从来没有机会尝试,甚至亲眼目睹,那就是用狗猎鹿的艺术。大多数猎人选择使用散弹,因为大多数时候目标都在移动。我们的一些北方读者可能甚至不知道这是什么或者不能这样做,因为这在他们的州是不合法的。但在南方,这是一个从1900年代初期甚至更早就延续下来的传统。有一天,我希望有机会带着狗去猎鹿,并可能从新人的角度写一篇关于这次经历的专栏。

如果您正在寻找新的挑战,无论是猎鹿还是捕食者,请尝试使用散弹狩猎,并帮助保持传统的狩猎方式。

编者注:吉姆·德雷珀 (Jim Draper) 居住在佐治亚州卡温顿,是《Whitetail Times》的一名撰稿人。德雷珀 (Draper) 从事狩猎工作已超过25年,是 BowCountry.com 的主要贡献者和产品评估员。和我们许多人一样,他接触枪支的经历始于他还是个小男孩的时候,从那时起,这一直是他生活中的热情所在。吉姆 (Jim) 在狩猎行业从事幕后工作已有10多年。他喜欢狩猎法律允许的任何东西,但他努力将狩猎体验提升到一个新的水平。他作为赞助射击手积极参加坎贝尔户外挑战赛,并且是一位出色的户外摄像师。德雷珀经常在多个户外论坛上发表文章,分享他的丰富知识并帮助户外运动新手。吉姆、他的妻子艾普莉和两个孩子都致力于狩猎和钓鱼的传统。请将问题和评论通过电子邮件发送至draperjim@yahoo.com。

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  • 2020年1月9日